Tool for deburring, chamfering, back spot-facing, grooving, etc.



FRIED RING. CHAMFERING, BACK CING,

J. w. 3,037,406 TOOL FOR DEBUR SPOT-FA GROOVING, ETC. Filed May 22, 1961June 5, 1962' INVENTOR. JQSEIQV 144 P6750 WOIQA/EVS Unite States Patent@fifice 3,037,406 Patented June 5, 1962 3,037,406 T001. FOR DEBURRING,CHAMFERENG, BACK SPOT-FACING, GROOVIN'G, ETC. Joseph W. Fried, 6860Farmdale Ave., North Hollywood, Calif. Filed May 22, 1961, Ser. No.111,725 7 Claims. (Cl. 77-53) This invention relates to a tool fordeburring, chamfering, back spot-facing, grooving, and performingsimilar operations. The application may be considered as acontinuation-impart of my prior application Serial No. 8,695, filed Feb.15, 1960.

In the above-mentioned application a tool is disclosed for performingthese operations which consists essentially of an adjustableworkface-engaging means within which a spindle and a detachable pilotare mounted for rotation and axial movement. A cutter is normallydisposed within the pilot but can be cammed outwardly therefrom toefiect a cut on the work when the spindle and pilot are moved axiallyrelative to the workface-engaging means. In the construction disclosedin my prior application the cutter is mounted so as to be capable ofrotating within the workface-engaging means but has its longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engaging means arrested. This cutteris mounted on a substantially diametrically extending pin by means of anopen-sided hook or crotch. This enables the cutter to swing about thepin as a center when it is cammed into cutting position. The opensidedhook or crotch enables quick detachment of the cutter from the pin whenthe pilot is detached from the spindle so that the cutter and/ or thepilot can be easily and quickly replaced.

With the cutter thus mounted for swinging movement on the pin the cutterpivots about the pin as a center. For some operations, however, it isdesirable that the cutter instead of swinging into the work in thecourse of making a out should instead have its movements restricted tolinear movements in a direction absolutely perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the pilot. For certain purposes, if the cutter is restrictedto horizontal movements as distinguished from swinging movements moreprecise cutting operations can be obtained.

One object of the present invention is to provide a construction havingthe above-mentioned characteristics wherein the cutter will have itsmovements restricted to linear movements perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the pilot as distinguished from swinging movements as in theconstruction disclosed in my prior application.

Another criticism of the tool disclosed in my prior application is thatreactionary forces imparted to the cutter during cutting may be such asto cause the cutter to work or pivot in the tool in an objectionablemanner. Sometimes this ability results in objectionable chattering. Itis, therefore, another object of the present invention to provide aconstruction wherein the cutter is not only advanced against the work ina linear manner as distinguished from a swinging movement, but thedesign is such that reactionary forces will not cause the cutter topivot or to shift from its intended position.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a tool of thischaracter wherein the cutter has a detachable and replaceable blade, andto provide means for accurately locating the blade with relation to thecutter when one blade is substituted for another.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will be mademanifest in the following detailed description and specifically pointedout in the appended claims, reference is had to the acccompanyingdrawings for an illustrative embodiment of the invention, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a vertical section through one form of tool embodying thepresent invention, the cutter being shown in its advanced position;

FIG. 2 is a horizontal section taken upon the line 2--2 upon FIG. 1; and

FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but illustrating an alternative formof construction the cutter being shown in retracted position.

Referring to the accompanying drawings wherein similar referencecharacters designate similar parts throughout, the tool embodying thepresent invention comprises a generally cylindrical body 10 within whichthere is threadedly mounted as by threads 11 a workface-engaging skirt12. The position of adjustment of the skirt 12 relative to the body .16can be fixed or locked by means of a screw 13 that extends across a slot14 in the body. By tightening the screw 13 that portion of the body thatis below the slot 14 will be caused to tighten against threads 11 tolock the skirt 12 in adjusted position.

In the top of the body 10 there is preferably an antifriction ballbearing 15 retained in place by a snap ring 16, and this ball bearingserves to rotatably mount within the body a sleeve 17. This sleeve,while it is freely rotatable within the body, is held against axialmovement therein by reason of the ball hearing.

In the sleeve 17 there is disposed a hollow spindle 18 having verticalslots 19 formed in the walls thereof approximately on a diameter of thespindle. A pin 20 extends across the spindle through the slots 19 andhas its ends anchored in the sleeve 17. This pin serves to suspend thecutter generally indicated at 21.

In the lower end of the spindle 18 there is telescoped the upper end ofa generally cylindrical pilot 22. This pilot is detachably mounted inthe spindle by means of a set screw 23 that is threaded into the spindleand engages a shoulder 24 on the pilot.

The spindle 18 is vertically slidable within the sleeve 17 within thelimits afforded by the ends of the slots 19 through which the pin 20extends. Consequently both the spindle 18 and its attached pilot 22 arenot only rotatable Within the workface-engaging means provided by thebody 10 and skirt 12, but they are also axially movable therein withinthe limits permitted by the slots 19.

A coil compression spring 25 is disposed within the hollow spindle andis seated on the pin 20. This compression spring urges the spindle andthe pilot into their uppermost positions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the pilot is longitudinally grooved as at 26 toreceive the cutter 21. One side of the pilot may be removed as at 27 toprovide a chipthroa-t for cuttings that are cut by cutters from thework.

The upper end of the cutter is formed with an opensided hook orhorizontally facing crotch 28, the opposed sides of which closely fitand bear against the top and bottom of the pin .20. Consequently,although the cutter may rotate with the spindle 18 and the pilot 22within the body 10 the cutter has its longitudinal movement prevented orarrested by virtue of the fact that it engages snugly the pin 20 whichis mounted on the sleeve 17 which, in turn, is held against axialmovement relative to the body 10.

In the construction disclosed in my prior patent a similar open-sidedhook or crotch is employed to mount the cutter, but in that constructionthe cutter in the course of being advanced toward the work pivoted orswung about the pin 2th as a center. Such an arrangement was subject tothe criticisms heretofore mentioned. In the present construction thecutter, instead of pivoting or swinging about the pin 20 as a center iscaused to move in a horizontal direction or in a direction perfectlyperpendicular to the axis of rotation of, the spindle 18 and the pilot22. To this end, the upper end of the cutter has its back formed with aninclined camming surface 30 engageable by a pin 31 that extends acrossthe groove 26. The lower end of the cutter is similarly provided with aninclined slot 32 which provides a camming surface 33 which will cam thecutter toward the work and a second camming surface 34 which will camthe lower end of the cutter into retracted position. The two cammingsurfaces 30 and 33 are parallel to each other and are preferablyarranged at spaced points along the length of the cutter 21 and onopposite sides of the cutting edges. 35 is a leaf spring mounted on thesleeve 17 bearing against the upper end of the cutter 21 and urging itinto engagement with the pin 31.

With the construction as above described the workface-engaging meanseither engages the face of the work to be actuated upon or the face of awork-supporting fixture F in which the work W is rigidly mounted. When afixture F is employed it temporarily becomes a part of the work andprovides the face against which the skirt 12 engages. If no fixture F isemployed the skirt 12 may engage directly against the top face of thework. Such engagement whether with the work W or with the fixture Flocates the longitudinal position of the pin with respect to the workand location of this pin precisely locates the position of the cutterand of the cutting edges thereon. If the spindle 18, in the course ofits rotation, is axially forced downward it moves the pilot 22 downwardalso. This causes the pins 31 and 36 to move downward While inengagement with the camming surfaces 30 and 33, respectively. As thesecamming surfaces are spaced from each other and are parallel, thedownward movement of the pilot causes the cutter 21 to be advanced in ahorizontal linear direction therein its open-sided hook or crotch slidesrelatively to the pin 2%) instead of pivoting or swinging thereon,compare the position of the cutter shown in FIG. 3 with the position ofthe cutter shown in FIG. 1. With such a movement the cutting edges onthe cutter advance in a truly horizontal direction toward the work asdistinguished from swinging into the work about the pin 20 as a centeras in my prior application. When the spindle and pilot are elevated bythe spring the pins 31 and 36 rise and allow the cutter 21 to retract.In the construction shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the cutter isretracted by the spring 35. The lower end of the cutter is forciblyretracted by reason of the pin 36 engaging the cam 34. Consequently,with the improved construction as the cutter has its movementsrestricted to truly horizontal movements as distinguished from arcuateor swinging movements, more precise operations are possible.Furthermore, as the camming surfaces and 33 are longitudinally spacedfrom each other along the length of the cutter and are preferably onopposite sides of the cutting edges, reactionary forces from the cuttingwill not cause the cutter to tilt within the pilot.

By way of illustration, the cutting edges on the cutter are shown asbeing two in number, indicated at 37 and 38. These cutting edges areprovided by a replaceable blade 39 occupying a rebate 40 in the side ofthe cutter 21. The blade is detachably mounted on the cutter, such as byAllen set screws 41 whose heads are movable through 'arcuate cutoutportions 42 in one side of the pilot in one side of the groove 26. Theset screws 41 extend through the blade and are threaded into the body ofthe cutter 21.

In order to accurately position the blade longitudinally with respect tothe cutter a pin 43 extends across the slot 26 in the pilot and a slot44 is formed in the back of the blade which closely fits the pin 43.Consequently, whenever occasion requires to remove a blade and itsreplacement with another blade having a similar accurately located slot44 this can be accomplished very readily by removing the set screws 41Withdrawing the blade and replacing it with another blade. Thesubstituted blade on engaging the pin 43 will have the position of itscutting edges 37 and 38 or other cutting edges accurately t located withrespect to the pin 20 whose position is located in reference to theworkface by the skirt 12.

The construction illustrated in FIG. 3 is the same as that previouslydescribed except that the pin 31a corresponding to the pin 31 engagesnot only the camming surface 39a in the course of advancing the cutterbut is also engageable with a cumming surface 45 to forcibly retract thecutter when the spindle and pilot are permitted to rise relative to theworkface-engaging means 10 and skirt 12. In this form of constructionthe leaf spring 35:; may or may not be employed as its presence is notnecessary due to the presence of the retracting camming surface 45.

From the above-described construction it will be appreciated that in theimproved tool the cutter, instead of being permitted to swing about thepin 20 toward the work is cammed toward the work in a truly horizontaldirection, the axis of rotation of the spindle 18 and of the pilot beingconsidered as vertical. Furthermore, as the cutter is cammed toward thework at two spaced points that are spaced from each other longitudinallyof the cutter and are preferably located on opposite sides of thecutting edges 37 and 33, reactionary forces imparted to the cutters inthe course of cutting are incapable of tilting the cutter 21 within thepilot. These advantages are present in conjunction with the advantage ofbeing able to completely replace the pilot 22 and the cutter 21 wheneveroccasion requires. This is accomplished by merely removing set screw 23and sliding the pilot downwardly relative to the cutter 21. With thepilot removed the cutter 21 can be axially turned so that its open-sidedhook or crotch will disengage the pin 20. When the pin 26 has beendisengaged the cutter can be bodily removed. A replacing cutter can beinstalled in the reverse manner.

The present construction is highly advantageous over the constructionillustrated in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12 of my copending application aboveidentified, wherein the cutter is caused to be advanced toward the workby the descending pilot by reason of a single inclined surfaceengagement between the cutter and the pilot. Such a construction has thelimitation that it is not suitable for use with pilots of considerablelength, pilots of small diameter, or where it is desired to establish aspecific rate of cutter projection with respect to longitudinal feed ofthe tool spindle. In the present construction as the cutter has twospaced points of engagement with the pilot these limitations areovercome and danger of the cutter rocking or swinging relatively to thepilot under reactionary or other extraneous fOICCs is eliminated.Furthermore, although I have illustrated the cutter as being confined inits movement to a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of thepilot because of the horizontal engagement with the pin from which thecutter is suspended, it will be appreciated that if the engagement withthe pin is inclined at other than to the axis of rotation of the pilotthat the cutter may be caused to follow a path other than horizontal forunder-cutting purposes, and the like.

Various changes may be made in the details of construction withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by theappended claims.

I claim:

1. A device of the class described comprising worltfaceengaging means, apilot means mounting the pilot on the workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedwithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engageable means, and meansrestricting the cutter to movements perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the pilot when the pilot is moved axially relative to theworkface-engageable means.

2. A device of the class described comprising workfaceengaging means, apilot means mounting the pilot on the workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotanon relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedwithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engageable means, and means at upperand lower points on the cutter for restricting the cutter to movementsperpendicular to the axis of the pilot relatively to th pilot when thepilot is moved axially relative to the 'workface-engagea-ble means.

3. A device of the class described comprising workfaceengaging means, apilot means mounting the pilot on the Workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedwithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engageable means, one or more cuttingedges on the cutter, and means above and below the cutting edges forcausing the cutter to move laterally when the pilot is moved axiallyrelative to the workface-engageable means.

4. A device of the class described comprising workfaceengaging means, :apilot means mounting the pilot on the workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedWithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engageahle means, means for cammingthe cutter outwardly relative to the pilot when the pilot is moveddownwardly relative to the workface-engageable means, and means forcamming the cutter inwardly when the pilot is moved upwardly relative tothe workface-engageable means.

5. A device of the class described comprising workfaceengaging means, apilot means mounting the pilot on the workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedWithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workfiace-engageable means, means forming anoblique pin and slot connection between the cutter and the pilot whereinthe opposed sides of the slot closely embrace the pin for camming thecutter outwardly of the pilot when the pilot is moved downwardlyrelative to the workface-engageable means and camrning it inwardly whenthe pilot is moved in the opposite direction.

6. A device of the class described comprising workfaceengaging means, apilot means mounting the pilot on the workface-engaging means for axialmovement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normally disposedwithin the pilot, means restraining the cutter against longitudinalmovement relative to the workface-engageable means, and meansrestricting the cutter to movements perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the pilot when the pilot is moved axially relative to theworkfiacecngageable means, the cutting edges of the cutter beingprovided by a blade detachably mounted thereon.

7. A device of the class described comprising workface-t engaging means,a pilot means mounting the pilot on the Workface-engaging means foraxial movement and rotation relatively thereto, a cutter normallydisposed within the pilot, means restraining the cutter againstlongitudinal movement relative to the Workface-engageable means, andmeans restricting th cutter to movements perpendicular to the axis ofrotation of the pilot when the pilot is moved axially relative to theworkfiace-engageable means, the cutting edge of the cutter beingprovided by a blade detachably mounted thereon and restricted in itsmovements relatively thereto to a direction perpendicular to the axis ofthe pilot.

OTHER REFERENCES Winterlralter: German application Ser. No. B2537616/49a, printed Dec. 6, 1956 (K1 49a 56 02), 3 pages spec., 3 sheetsdravw'ngs.

